Abstract：Children with adenoid hypertrophy often have symptoms such as mouth breathing，snoring， and poor breathing. According to Huang Di Nei Jing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic)， this disease is related to the counterflow of lung collateral. Abnormal lung collateral function in children directly affects their respiratory system function and can lead to diseases and symptoms such as adenoid hypertrophy，allergic rhinitis，cough，etc. By analyzing the function of the lung collateral，this article elucidates the pathological role of collateral counterflow； it proposes the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy in children from two aspects，namely raising the clear and opening the orifices and directing the turbid downward and dispelling stasis，which has achieved good results in clinical practice.