Abstract：Objective：To observe the curative effect of Huangqin Shaoyao Decoction combined with Mesalazine Sustained-Release Tablets on ulcerative colitis of spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation type. Methods： A total of 98 cases of patients with ulcerative colitis admitted to Changxing County People′s Hospital from March 2022 to October 202 were randomly divided into the combination group and the control group，with 49 patients in each group， using a random number table method. The control group was treated with Mesalazine Sustained-Release Tablets，and the combination group was treated with Huangqin Shaoyao Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups received continuous treatment for 12 weeks. Compared the clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups， and compared the changes in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， modified Mayo scores， Geboes indexes， and levels of inflammatory factors such as white blood cell count （WBC）， serum C-reactive protein （CRP），and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） before and after treatment. Results：The total effective rate of clinical efficacy was 91.84% （45/49） in the combination group， and 77.55%（8/49） in the control group， the difference being significant （P＜0.05）. After treatment，the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores of diarrhea and loose stools，mucous purulent bloody stools，abdominal distension and fullness，and abdominal dull pain in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05）， and the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the combination group were lower than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment，the modified Mayo scores and Geboes indexes in both groups were declined when compared with those before treatment （P＜ 0.05）， and the modified Mayo score and Geboes index in the combination group were lower than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the levels of WBC， CRP， and TNF- α in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05），and the above three levels in the combination group were lower than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.12% （/49） in the combination group， and 8.16% （4/49） in the control group， there being no significance in the difference （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： Huangqin Shaoyao Decoction combined with Mesalazine Sustained-Release Tablets has a good therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis of spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation type，which can alleviate clinical symptoms，reduce disease activity，and regulate inflammatory factors.