Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of modified Qingnao Tongmai Decoction as adjuvant therapy for patients with hemiplegia during the convalescence phase of cerebral infarction. Methods：A total of 72 patients with hemiplegia during the convalescence phase of cerebral infarction admitted to Xinchang County People's Hospital from January 2020 to June 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method， with 36 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment combined with concentric and eccentric exercises， while the observation group received additional modified Qingnao Tongmai Decoction on the basis of the control group's treatment. Both groups were treated for three consecutive months. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， serum levels of S100 calcium-binding protein β （S100β protein）， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF），neuron-specific enolase （NSE），and scores for Fugl-Meyer motor function （FMA），Barthel index， Ashworth scale， and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS） were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Results： The total effective rate in the observation group was 97.22% （35/36）， which was higher than the 77.78% （28/36） in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores such as mental confusion，hemiplegia，headache and dizziness，and white and greasy tongue coating were decreased in both groups （P＜0.05）， and the observation group had lower scores than the control group （P＜ 0.05）. After treatment，the serum levels of S100β protein and NSE were decreased in both groups （P＜0.05），and the observation group had lower levels than the control group （P＜0.05）； the levels of BDNF were increased in both groups（ P＜0.05），and the observation group had higher levels than the control group（ P＜0.05）. After treatment，the FMA scores and Barthel index scores were increased in both groups （P＜0.05），and the observation group had higher scores than the control group （P＜0.05）； the Ashworth scale scores and NIHSS scores were decreased in both groups （P＜0.05）， and the observation group had lower scores than the control group （P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Conclusion：Modified Qingnao Tongmai Decoction as adjuvant therapy for patients with hemiplegia during the convalescence phase of cerebral infarction can significantly improve therapeutic effect，alleviate traditional Chinese medicine symptoms，enhance daily living abilities，and improve neurological function.