Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect and safety of Qijiao Shengbai Capsules in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. Methods： A total of 100 patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression who were hospitalized in the Hematology Department of Pan'an Branch of Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method，with 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （rhG-CSF）， and the observation group was additionally given the oral administration of Qijiao Shengbai Capsules based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for four weeks. The clinical effects and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups；the changes in clinical symptom scores，white blood cell（ WBC） levels，and immune function in the two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results：The total effective rate was 80.00% （40/50） in the control group，which was lower than 94.00% （47/50） in the observation group （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the levels of WBC， hemoglobin （Hb）， and blood platelet count （BPC） were elevated in the two groups （P＜0.05），with higher levels observed in the observation group compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of secondary infections in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. Clinical symptom scores for pale complexion，fatigue，poor appetite， dizziness， insomnia， palpitations， and shortness of breath were decreased in the two groups after treatment （P＜ 0.05），with lower scores in the observation group compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. Peripheral blood levels of CD3+，CD4+，and CD4+/CD8+ were increased in the two groups after treatment （P＜0.05），with higher levels in the observation group compared to the control group （P＜0.05）；CD8+ levels were decreased in the two groups （P＜0.05）， with lower level in the observation group compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： Qijiao Shengbai Capsules combined with rhG-CSF can improve the clinical effect on patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression， reduce the incidence of secondary infections， alleviate clinical symptoms， and enhance immune function without significantly increasing adverse reactions.