Abstract：Objective：To observe the effect of modified Shen´an Decoction on improving malnutrition in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD） who have spleen-kidney qi deficiency with damp-turbidity syndrome. Methods： A total of 68 CAPD patients with spleen-kidney qi deficiency and damp-turbidity syndrome， treated at the Nephrology Department of Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine，from February to December 2023，were selected and divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the random number table method，with 34 cases in each group. The control group was given standard western medical treatment， and the treatment group was additionally treated with modified Shen´an Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Clinical effects were assessed after 12 weeks of treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， Subjective Global Assessment （SGA） scores， Malnutrition Inflammation Score （MIS）， nutritional indicators [albumin （Alb）， prealbumin （PA）， serum ferritin （SF）， hemoglobin （Hb）， total cholesterol （TC），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）]，microinflammation indicators [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）]，and kidney function indicators [serum creatinine （SCr），blood urea nitrogen （BUN）] were compared before and after treatment in the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was recorded during the treatment period. Results：After treatment，scores for fatigue and lack of strength，lack of qi and lazy speech， poor appetite， weakness in the lower back and knees， nausea， heaviness in the limbs， abdominal distension，loose stools，bland taste，sticky mouth，and frequent nocturnal urination，as well as the total traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the edema score in the treatment group was decreased when compared with that before treatment （P＜ 0.05）；the decrease in the scores of fatigue and lack of strength，lack of qi and lazy speech，weakness in the lower back and knees，abdominal distension，edema，and total traditional Chinese medicine scores in the treatment group was more significant compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. The overall effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in the treatment group was 86.67% （26/30），higher than 56.67% （17/30） in the control group （P＜0.05）. Both groups showed significant reductions in the scores of SGA and MIS compared to before treatment （P＜0.05），with the treatment group showing more significant reductions than the control group （P＜0.05）. The levels of Alb and Hb in the treatment group were significantly increased when compared with those before treatment and higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. The levels of hs-CRP in the two groups and the levels of SCr and BUN in the treatment group were significantly reduced when compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05）， with BUN level in the treatment group being lower than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 20.00% （6/30） in the treatment group and 30.00%（ 9/30） in the control group，with no significant difference between the two groups（ P＞ 0.05）. Conclusion： The additional treatment of modified Shen´an Decoction based on standard western medical treatment can effectively improve the nutritional status of CAPD patients with spleen-kidney qi deficiency and dampturbidity syndrome and alleviate clinical symptoms，with good safety.