Abstract：Objective：To explore the action mechanism of Huanglian Wendan Decoction in the treatment of reflux esophagitis （RE） based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods：The active ingredients Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ETCM）. RE disease targets were obtained from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The intersection targets of the Chinese medicine and disease were identified using bioinformatics tools and imported into the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction （PPI） network. Key targets were visualized and screened using Cytoscape 3.10.0 software，and a Chinese medicine-active ingredient-target network was constructed to identify major active ingredients. Gene Ontology （GO） functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the Chinese medicine-disease intersection targets using the DAVID database. Molecular docking of major active ingredients with key targets was conducted using AutoDock and Pymol software. Results： A total of 128 active ingredients and 970 targets of Huanglian Wendan Decoction were identified， along with 1 294 RE disease targets. Key targets for Huanglian Wendan Decoction in the treatment of RE included AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 （AKT1） ， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） ， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR），tumor necrosis factor （TNF），and B-cell lymphoma 2 （BCL2）. Major active ingredients included naringenin， quercetin， and 5，7-dihydroxy-2-（3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl）chroman-4-one. GO enrichment analysis identified 987 biological processes （BP），115 cellular components （CC），and 209 molecular functions （MF）. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 174 pathways， including cancer pathways， PI3K/AKT signaling pathway，proteoglycans in cancer signaling pathway，and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed good binding activity between key targets （AKT1， STAT3， EGFR， TNF， BCL2） and major active ingredients [naringenin， quercetin， 5，7-dihydroxy-2-（3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl）chroman-4-one]. Conclusion： Huanglian Wendan Decoction exerts its therapeutic effects on RE through active ingredients such as naringenin， quercetin， and 5，7-dihydroxy-2-（3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl）chroman-4-one， targeting AKT1， STAT3，EGFR，TNF，and BCL2，and regulating pathways such as cancer pathways，PI3K/AKT signaling pathway， and proteoglycans in cancer pathway.