Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of ultrasound introduction of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of uremic restless legs syndrome （uRLS） in hemodialysis patients. Methods： A total of 80 cases of uRLS patients admitted to Yuyao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine for hemodialysis treatment from March 2023 to April 2024 were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Gabapentin，and the observation group was treated with ultrasound introduction of Buyang Huanwu Decoction. The changes of severity indexes of restless legs syndrome [International Restless Legs Syndrome Scale（IRLS） score]， sleep quality indexes [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） score]， as well as the clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results： The total effective rate was 95.00% （38/40） in the observation group and 67.50% （27/40） in the control group， the difference being significant （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the IRLS scores of the two groups were decreased compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05），and the IRLS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group （P＜ 0.05）. After treatment， the PSQI scores of both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment （P＜ 0.05），and the PSQI score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： Ultrasound introduction of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of uRLS can effectively improve symptoms， enhance the sleep quality of patients，and the clinical efficacy is superior to that of Gabapentin treatment.