Abstract： Type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）complicated with hyperuricemia（HUA）is a common metabolic disorder whose incidence is increasing year by year. Abnormalities in gut microbiota structure，metabolites，and the intestinal mucosal barrier can induce systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses，impairing intestinal and renal excretion. This， hence， exacerbates insulin resistance and uric acid metabolism disorders， and closely corresponds to the traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of failure of spleen in transportation - internal generation of turbid pathogens - blockage of the collaterals. Turbid pathogens latent in the collaterals constitute the fundamental pathogenesis of T2DM complicated with HUA， while gut-kidney axis imbalance represents its microscopic manifestation. Therefore，this article uses the gut-kidney axis as an entry point to elucidate the scientific connotation of the theory of turbid pathogens latent in the collaterals， aiming to provide novel clinical strategies and theoretical foundations for the prevention and treatment of T2DM complicated with HUA.