Abstract： "Sinew-bone balance" is a core factor in maintaining lumbar stability， and its decline significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis（DLS）. Collectively，"sinew" and "bone" form a dynamic-static equilibrium system in the lumbar spine. Within this system， lumbar facet joints and the multifidus muscle play indispensable roles in stabilizing the lumbar spine due to their unique anatomical positioning. Pathologically， these structures interact reciprocally： the multifidus muscle， as an important part of "sinew"， its atrophy can break the local stress balance of the lumbar segment， thus leading to "sinew-bone imbalance. " This condition further accelerates degeneration of both facet joints and the multifidus muscle，ultimately triggering DLS. This progression exemplifies the pathogenesis of "sinew-bone imbalance originating from sinew dysfunction." Therefore，this article employs the "sinew-bone imbalance" theory as a framework to investigate the mechanism of action of lumbar facet joint and multifidus degeneration in disrupting lumbar dynamic-static equilibrium， aiming to enrich the scientific foundation of the "sinew-bone" theory in traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine.