Abstract：Energy metabolism is one of the fundamental characteristics of life activities and plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy life activities as well as in the occurrence and development of diseases. Deficiency and excess syndromes are important components of the eight-principle syndrome differentiation and treatment system in Chinese medicine. Currently， the understanding and application of these theories are still guided by basic philosophical concepts. From the perspective of modern scientific theories on energy metabolism， it is believed that the key to the differences between deficiency and excess syndromes lies in the abundance of subtle nutrients. The process of "qi transformation" drives the flow of these subtle nutrients， resulting in energy metabolism processes. Therefore， deficiency and excess syndromes can be seen as manifestations of abnormal energy metabolism processes. Energy metabolism can thus be used as an entry point for studying Chinese medicine deficiency and excess syndromes，guiding the integrated treatment of diseases with both Chinese medicine and western medicine.