Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of modified Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction combined with Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablets on postoperative recurrence of colon polyp with spleen deficiency and dampness retention syndrome． Methods： A total of 80 cases of patients after operation for colon polyp with spleen deficiency and dampness retention syndrome，treated at Huzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from February 2022 to February 2023， were selected and divided into the control group and the treatment group according to the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group． The control group received postoperative treatment with Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablets， and the treatment group received modified Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction combined with Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablets．The treatment course for both groups was three months．Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin-10 （IL-10），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）]，intestinal flora（the number of intestinal Bifidobacteria， Lactobacilli， Enterococci， Escherichia coli） structure distribution before and after treatment as well as the clinical effects were compared between the two groups．The recurrence rates of colon polyps in the two groups were compared after followed up for 12 months．Results：After treatment，the total effective rate was 92.50%（37/40）in the treatment group and 72.50%（29/40）in the control group，with a significant difference between the two groups（P＜0.05）．After treatment， the scores for abdominal distension and pain，loose stools，loss of appetite，and fatigue in the treatment group were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment（P＜0.05），and the scores in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group（P＜0.05）．After treatment，the numbers of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05）， and the numbers of Enterococci and Escherichia coli were decreased when compared with those before treatment（P＜0.05）．The treatment group had higher numbers of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli and lower numbers of Enterococci and Escherichia coli compared to the control group（P＜0.05）．After treatment，serum IL-10 levels in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment（P＜0.05），and TNF-α levels were decreased when compared with those before treatment（P＜0.05）． The treatment group had higher IL-10 level and lower TNF-α level compared to the control group（P＜0.05）． During the 12-month follow-up， the recurrence rate of colon polyp was 5.41%（2 / 37）in the treatment group and 27.59%（8/29）in the control group， with a significant difference between the two groups（P＜ 0.05）． Conclusion： Modified Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction combined with Compound Eosinophil-Lactobacillus Tablets has a significant curative effect in treating postoperative colon polyp with spleen deficiency and dampness retention syndrome． It can alleviate clinical symptoms， regulate intestinal flora structure， reduce inflammatory responses，and lower the recurrence rate.