Abstract： Objective： To identify early diagnostic biomarkers for pediatric septic shock （PSS） through transcriptomic analysis and to investigate the active components and mechanisms of action of the traditional Chinese medicine compound Redu Qing Granules against PSS. Methods：Differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were screened by comparing the transcriptomic data of PSS children with normal controls， and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG）， Gene Ontology （GO） enrichment analyses， and gene set variation analysis （GSVA） were performed. Combined with septic shock-related genes （SSRGs） from the GeneCards database， key biomarkers were screened using LASSO regression and random forest algorithms， and diagnostic efficacy was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve. Network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were used to analyze the active components and potential targets of Redu Qing Granules. Results： A total of 672 DEGs were identified， mainly enriched in immune-inflammatory pathways such as complement and coagulation cascades， neutrophil extracellular trap formation，Th17 cell differentiation，and antigen processing and presentation. Five early PSS biomarkers （TLR5， GSR， BPI， IL2RB， and S100A9） were screened， with a combined ROC area under the curve （AUC） of 0.99. The five main active components of Redu Qing Granules （tryptanthrin， lupeol， vitamin D3， β-carotene，and ursolic acid） may exert anti-PSS effects by regulating seven core target proteins （HP，ELANE， PRF1，LCN2，S100A9，HSPB1，and HGF）. Molecular docking showed that vitamin D3 and β-carotene had the most stable binding with LCN2. Conclusion：The five genes TLR5，GSR，BPI，IL2RB，and S100A9 can serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for PSS，and Redu Qing Granules may exert therapeutic effects on PSS through multi-component and multi-target regulation of immune-inflammatory responses.