Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of Qingfei Quyu Decoction combined with recombinant human interferon α1b nebulization in treating pediatric respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） pneumonia with phlegm-heat obstructing the lung syndrome. Methods： A total of 106 RSV pneumonia children with phlegm-heat obstructing the lung syndrome treated in Xinxiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group using the random number table method， with 53 cases in each group. Both groups received conventional therapy. The control group received recombinant human interferon α1b nebulization in addition to conventional therapy， while the observation group received Qingfei Quyu Decoction on the basis of the control group's treatment. Both groups were treated for seven days. Clinical efficacy， traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， and tumor necrosis factor- α （TNF- α）]， immune function indicators [immunoglobulin A （IgA）， immunoglobulin G （IgG）， and immunoglobulin M （IgM）]， time to resolution of clinical symptoms and hospital stay duration， and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results： After seven days of treatment， the total effective rate was 96.23% （51/53） in the observation group， higher than that of 84.91% （45/53） in the control group （P＜0.05）. Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores and serum levels of IL-6， IL-8， and TNF- α decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05），and the observation group had lower scores and levels than the control group （P＜0.05）. Serum levels of IgA，IgG，and IgM increased in both groups compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05），and the observation group had higher levels than the control group （P＜0.05）. The observation group had shorter times to resolution of fever，cough，wheezing，and lung rales，as well as shorter hospital stay duration than the control group （P＜0.05）. During treatment， the incidence of adverse reactions was 7.55% （4/53） in the control group and 11.32% （6/53） in the observation group，with no significant difference between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Conclusion： Qingfei Quyu Decoction combined with recombinant human interferon α1b nebulization can reduce systemic inflammatory responses，enhance immune function，and promote rapid alleviation of clinical symptoms such as fever，cough，and wheezing in children with RSV pneumonia with phlegm-heat obstructing the lung syndrome. It can also shorten hospital stay duration， improve therapeutic efficacy， and has less adverse reactions.