Abstract： Objective： To observe the efficacy of modified Duzhong Wan in treating lumbar disc herniation （LDH） of liver-kidney deficiency type， and its effects on pain degree and lumbar function. Methods： Eighty-seven LDH patients of liver-kidney deficiency type treated at Zhejiang Provincial Dermatology Hospital from December 2023 to September 2024 were selected and divided into a conventional group （n=42，treated with Meloxicam Capsules） and a Chinese medicine group （n=45，treated with modified Duzhong Wan） according to treatment protocols. Changes in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， Oswestry Disability Index （ODI） scores， Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） scores，Short Form-36 Health Survey （SF-36） scores，Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） scores for pain， and levels of neurotransmitters and inflammation-related factors [5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， interleukin-1β（ IL-1β），prostaglandin E2（ PGE2）] were compared between the two groups before and after treatment， and the incidence of adverse reactions was compared. Results： After treatment， traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores for lower back pain，soreness and numbness of waist and knees，cold limbs，and functional limitation decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05）， and were lower in the Chinese medicine group than in the conventional group （P＜0.05）. After treatment， ODI scores decreased （P＜0.05） and JOA scores increased （P＜0.05） in both groups， with lower ODI scores （P＜0.05） and higher JOA scores （P＜0.05） in the Chinese medicine group. SF-36 scores increased（ P＜0.05） and VAS scores decreased（ P＜0.05） in both groups，with higher SF-36 scores （P＜0.05） and lower VAS scores （P＜0.05） in the Chinese medicine group. After treatment， levels of PGE2， IL-1β， and 5-HT decreased in both groups （P＜0.05） and were lower in the Chinese medicine group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.67% （3/45） in the Chinese medicine group，significantly lower than that of 21.43% （9/42） in the conventional group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： Modified Duzhong Wan demonstrates good efficacy in treating LDH of liver-kidney deficiency type， effectively reducing pain degree， improving lumbar function，and enhancing quality of life.