Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Shegan Mahuang Decoction and aerosol inhalation on chronic cough with syndrome of wind-cold stagnation in the lung after respiratory tract infection in children. Methods： A prospective controlled study design method was adopted．According to the random number table method，104 children with chronic cough after respiratory tract infection admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of Zhuji Fourth People's Hospital were divided into the observation group and the control group，with 52 cases in each group．The control group was treated with Compound Ipratropium Bromide Solution for Inhalation combined with Budesonide Suspension for Inhalation．The observation group was treated with Shegan Mahuang Decoction on the basis of the treatment plan of the control group．After 10 days of treatment，the clinical efficacy，cough symptoms （daytime/night time cough symptom scores）， inflammatory indexes， cellular immune function， and safety in the two groups were evaluated. Results ： Finally， 50 cases in the observation group completed the study （excluding 1 case， dropping 1 case），and 48 in the control group （excluding 3 cases，dropping 1 case）．After 10 days of treatment，the daytime and nighttime cough scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group， differences being significant （P＜0.05）. The levels of serum interleukin-4（ IL-4），interleukin-6（ IL-6），tumor necrosis factor-α（ TNF-α），and immunoglobulin E（ IgE） in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment， and the levels of the above indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group， differences being significant （P＜0.05）. The levels of serum interferon-γ （INF-γ） in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and the INF-γ level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，differences being significant（ P＜0.05）． The CD3+，CD4+，and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of T lymphocyte subsets in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the above three indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， differences being significant（ P＜0.05）．The levels of CD8+ in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment， and the CD8+ level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group， differences being significant（ P＜0.05）．The total effective rate was 94.00%（ 47/50） in the observation group and 79.17%（ 38/48） in the control group，the difference being significant（ P＜0.05）．The incidence of adverse reactions was 4.00%（ 2/50） in the observation group and 16.67% （8/48） in the control group， the difference being significant （P＜0.05）. Conclusion：The combination use of Shegan Mahuang Decoction and aerosol inhalation has a great curative effect on chronic cough with syndrome of wind-cold stagnation in the lung after respiratory tract infection in children，which can play an active role in improving cough symptoms，mitigating inflammatory responses，adjusting immune function，and reducing adverse reactions.