Abstract： The theory of "restraining harmful hyperactivity to acquire harmony， "centered on the generation， restriction， inhibition， and transformation relationships among the five elements， is a significant component of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）． It provides a methodological guidance for clinical acupuncture and moxibustion treatments．Based on this theory，this article elucidates the TCM pathogenesis of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus （HR-HPV） infection．The root cause is considered to be deficiency of the spleen and kidney，in which failure of restriction leads to insufficiency of healthy qi and decreased resistance to pathogenic factors ． The manifestations involve dampness-toxin accumulation and liver depression and qi stagnation， where hyperactivity becomes harmful and presents a prolonged and refractory course．Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment emphasizes supporting the healthy qi to restore restriction mechanisms and eliminating pathogens to balance hyperactivity． This involves reinforcing the spleen and tonifying the kidney to strengthen the root cause， while resolving dampness and relieving stagnation to alleviate symptoms， thereby modulating immune function， stabilizing hormone levels， improving the local microenvironment of the cervix，and promoting viral clearance.