Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of Ningsou Huatan Decoction in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and its effects on serum levels of inflammatory factors，vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF），and basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF）. Methods：A total of 126 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD hospitalized at Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into the control group and the study group using the random number table method，with 63 cases in each group. The control group received conventional western medicine treatment，while the study group received Ningsou Huatan Decoction in addition to the treatment given to the control group. Both groups were treated for two weeks. The clinical efficacy， traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，pulmonary function indices [forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV1），forced vital capacity （FVC），FEV1/FVC value]，blood gas analysis indices [arterial partial pressure of oxygen （PaO2），arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide （PaCO2）]， inflammatory factor levels [interleukin-6 （IL-6）， C-reactive protein （CRP），tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）]，and levels of VEGF and bFGF were compared before and after treatment. Results： After treatment， the total effective rate was 95.24% （60/63） in the study group and 79.37% （50/63） in the control group，with a statistically significant difference between the two groups （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the scores for dyspnea， cough， wheezing， expectoration， and the total traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score decreased in both groups compared to before treatment （P＜0.05）， and all scores were lower in the study group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment，the levels of FEV1，FVC，and FEV1/ FVC increased in both groups compared to before treatment （P＜0.05）， and all levels of the three indices were higher in the study group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment，PaO2 levels increased in both groups compared to before treatment （P＜0.05），and were higher in the study group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. PaCO2 levels decreased in both groups compared to before treatment （P＜0.05），and were lower in the study group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment，serum levels of TNF-α，CRP，and IL-6 decreased in both groups compared to before treatment （P＜0.05），and all levels of the three indices were lower in the study group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the levels of VEGF and bFGF decreased in both groups compared to before treatment （P＜0.05），and were lower in the study group than in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion：Ningsou Huatan Decoction is significantly effective in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. It can effectively relieve clinical symptoms，improve pulmonary function and pulmonary vascular function， reduce systemic inflammatory responses，so as to ameliorate airway remodeling.