Abstract： Objective： To observe the disinfection effect of using a Chinese medicine decoction on neonatal incubators. Methods：A total of 158 neonates hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics，Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to December 2024，who used incubators，were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into the control group and the observation group using the random number table method， with 79 incubator uses corresponding to each group. Incubators in the control group were disinfected using a chlorine-containing disinfectant， while those in the observation group were disinfected using a Chinese medicine decoction. Bacterial counts were collected from the inner walls，operating windows，and outer walls of the incubators in both groups before and after disinfection. The disinfection qualification rates of the inner walls， operating windows，and outer walls were compared between the two groups from one day to seven days after disinfection. Results： There were no statistically significant differences in gender， age， disease types of the neonates using incubators， or the duration of incubator use before disinfection between the two groups （P＞0.05）， indicating comparability. At 30 minutes before disinfection and 30 minutes after disinfection，there were no statistically significant differences in bacterial counts detected on the inner walls， operating windows， and outer walls of the incubators between the two groups （P＞0.05）. At one day and two days after disinfection， there was no statistically significant difference in the disinfection qualification rates of the inner walls of the incubators between the two groups （P＞0.05）. From three days to seven days after disinfection，the disinfection qualification rates of the inner walls of the incubators in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. At one day and two days after disinfection， there was no statistically significant difference in the disinfection qualification rates of the operating windows of the incubators between the two groups （P＞0.05）. From three days to seven days after disinfection， the disinfection qualification rates of the operating windows of the incubators in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. At one day and two days after disinfection， there was no statistically significant difference in the disinfection qualification rates of the outer walls of the incubators between the two groups （P＞0.05）. From three days to seven days after disinfection，the disinfection qualification rates of the outer walls of the incubators in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P＜0.05）. Conclusion： Both the chlorinecontaining disinfectant and the Chinese medicine decoction can achieve good and similar disinfection effects on neonatal incubators in the short term，but the disinfection effect of the Chinese medicine decoction lasts longer.