点刺放血疗法缓解全麻气管插管患者术后咽喉痛的随机对照研究
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R248.2;R25

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广东省中医药局资助项目(20241905)


A Randomized Controlled Study of Pricking-Bloodletting Therapy for Relieving Post⁃ operative Sore Throat in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia with Endotracheal Intubation
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    摘要:

    目的:评价点刺少商、商阳穴放血对全麻气管插管患者术后咽喉痛的临床疗效。方法:选取2024年4月1日—2025年7月31日期间入住广州中医药大学第一附属医院ICU的全麻气管插管下行手术治疗术后咽喉痛的患者110例,按区组长度可变的随机化法分为对照组57例,点刺放血组53例。对照组予常规治疗,点刺放血组在对照组的基础上加用少商、商阳穴点刺放血治疗。分别在术后气管插管拔除后0、2、6、12、24、48 h,记录患者术后咽喉痛评分及声音嘶哑程度评分,并绘制Kaplan-Meier(KM) 曲线;记录从入住ICU后至气管插管拔除48 h后舒芬太尼注射液的累计使用量;记录治疗过程中不良事件的发生情况。结果:术后6、12、24、48 h,点刺放血组术后咽喉痛评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);KM 曲线及Log-rank检验显示,2组术后咽喉痛缓解KM曲线差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),点刺放血组可快速缓解术后咽喉痛且镇痛效果稳定。单Cox比例风险模型显示,点刺放血组疼痛缓解时间明显缩短[风险比(HR) =3.09,95%CI(1.96~4.85),P<0.05];单因素Cox回归分析显示,年龄、ASA分级等纳入指标均未对术后咽喉痛缓解产生影响(P>0.05)。术后0、2、6、12、24、48 h,2 组声音嘶哑程度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);KM曲线及Gehan-Breslow检验显示,2组术后声音嘶哑缓解KM曲线差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);未校正Cox模型提示,点刺放血组对声音嘶哑缓解无明显促进作用[HR=1.38,95%CI (0.87~2.20),P>0.05]。2组舒芬太尼累计用药量比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.90,P>0.05)。2组患者均未出现研究相关的不良事件。结论:点刺少商、商阳穴放血可迅速且持续缓解全身麻醉患者术后咽喉痛,其缓解效果独立于年龄、ASA分级等相关因素;该疗法对术后声音嘶哑的缓解作用不显著,且对患者舒芬太尼累计用药量无明显影响。

    Abstract:

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of pricking-bloodletting at Shaoshang (LU11) and Shangyang (LI1) points for postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Methods:A total of 110 patients who were admitted to the ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from April 1, 2024, to July 31, 2025, after surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were enrolled. They were randomly assigned using a variable block length randomization method into the control group (57 cases) and the pricking-bloodletting group (53 cases). The control group received conventional treatment, while the pricking-bloodletting group received additional pricking and bloodletting at Shaoshang (LU11) and Shangyang (LI1) points. Scores of postoperative sore throat grade and hoarseness severity were recorded at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after extubation, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves were plotted. The cumulative consumption of Sufentanil from ICU admission to 48 hours after extubation was calculated, and adverse events during treatment were recorded. Results:At 6,12,24,and 48 hours postoperatively,the postoperative sore throat scores in the pricking-bloodletting group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The KM curves and Log-rank test showed a statistically significant difference in the postoperative sore throat relief KM curves between the two groups (P<0.05); the pricking-bloodletting group achieved rapid postoperative sore throat relief with stable analgesic effect. The univariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that the time to pain relief was significantly shortened in the pricking-bloodletting group [hazard ratio (HR)=3.09, 95%CI (1.96-4.85), P<0.05]. Univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age,American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class,and other included factors did not affect postoperative sore throat relief (P>0.05). At 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences in hoarseness scores between the two groups (P> 0.05). The KM curves and Gehan-Breslow test showed no statistically significant difference in the hoarseness relief curves between the two groups (P>0.05). The unadjusted Cox model suggested that the pricking-bloodletting group did not significantly promote hoarseness relief [HR=1.38, 95%CI(0.87-2.20), P>0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference in the cumulative consumption of Sufentanil between the two groups (Z=-0.90, P>0.05). No therapeutic-related adverse events occurred in patients of either group. Conclusion: Pricking-bloodletting at Shaoshang( LU11) and Shangyang( LI1) points can rapidly and persistently relieve postoperative sore throat in patients undergoing general anesthesia,and the analgesic effect is independent of age,ASA class,and other related factors. This therapy does not significantly relieve postoperative hoarseness nor affect the cumulative consumption of Sufentanil.

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刘燕燕,招子欣,李婧斓,刘春英,余静芳,叶楚桥,陈伟焘.点刺放血疗法缓解全麻气管插管患者术后咽喉痛的随机对照研究[J].新中医,2026,58(18):94-100

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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-09-29
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