Abstract：Duchenne muscular dystrophy（ DMD） is a recessive hereditary muscular disease with a lack of effective treatment. Centered on the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theory of "qi deficiency， blood stasis， and fluid retention， " this article integrates the theories of the eight extraordinary meridians and the collateral diseases， and systematically interprets the TCM pathogenesis of DMD as "qi deficiency constitutes the root cause，while blood stasis and fluid retention represent the manifestations， " and proposes that its specific pathogenesis involves a complex pathological model characterized by dysfunction of the extraordinary meridians， obstruction of the collaterals， and deficiency of liver-kidney essence and blood，thereby culminating in the conceptual framework of "qi deficiency，blood stasis，and fluid retention leading to eight extraordinary meridians-collateral disease" in DMD. Building on this，the article further correlates "qi deficiency， blood stasis， and fluid retention" theory with mitochondrial dysfunction in modern medicine： "qi deficiency" corresponds to insufficient cellular energy production， "blood stasis" is associated with impaired autophagy and oxidative stress，and "fluid retention" corresponds to cellular edema and the accumulation of metabolic waste. Furthermore， it explores the potential correspondence between modern targeted intervention strategies centered on modulating mitochondrial function and the TCM therapeutic principles of "boosting qi，activating blood， resolving fluid retention， and dredging collaterals， " thereby offering a practical reference for the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine management of DMD.