Abstract：Hou Sheng Xun Zuan （Compilation of Instructions for Nourishing Life），compiled by ZHOU Chen in the Ming Dynasty， is a classic that integrates both family ethics and health cultivation. Its dietary health-cultivation thought is grounded in the theories of the Huang Di Nei Jing （The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic），while integrating previous achievements such as Yang Sheng Za Zuan （Compilation of Health Preservation） and Yuan Shi Shi Fan （Yuan's Family Instructions），and based on the daily health cultivation needs of the common people，it simplifies and interprets relevant theories in an accessible and life-oriented way. Taking the academic history of dietary health cultivation in traditional Chinese medicine as a framework，this study reviews the relevant theoretical achievements of the Huang Di Nei Jing，SUN Simiao，LI Dongyuan，and ZHU Danxi，analyzes the characteristics of the three core thoughts in Hou Sheng Xun Zuan， namely， nourishing qi through rational diet， harmonizing the five flavors in four seasons， and preventing disease through diet therapy， and elucidates the uniqueness of its six practical methods： moderate diet， regular eating habits， prudent food selection， clear distinction between suitable foods and contraindicated ones，moderate consumption of tea and alcohol，and postprandial care.