Abstract：In male infertility，spleen-kidney deficiency and insufficient kidney essence constitute the root cause， whereas phlegm-damp accumulation and liver-qi stagnation constitute the branch. Intestinal flora imbalance serves as a microscopic embodiment of the traditional Chinese medicine pathologies of visceral depletion， internal generation of turbid phlegm， and liver-qi stagnation. The treatment of male infertility focuses on three core strategies： tonifying spleen and boosting the kidney， resolving phlegm and directing the turbid downward， and soothing the liver and resolving constraint. By combining syndrome-specific prescriptions with macro-pattern diagnosis and micro-microbial modulation， therapy targets four dimensions： deficiency supplementing， phlegm resolving， liver soothing， and gut homeostasis modulating.